The spindle of a screw torque module can be driven by ______.

• A. AC motor
• B. DC motor
• C. Pneumatic drive
• D. All of the above

Answer: (D)

The spindle in a screw torque module is designed to be driven by multiple power sources to fit different automation needs. An AC motor with a variable-frequency drive provides steady speed and robust operation, ideal for continuous use. A DC motor offers precise speed control and strong low-speed torque, which helps when you need fine-tuned torque application. A pneumatic drive uses compressed air for fast, straightforward rotation and is advantageous in environments where electrical heat or sparks must be avoided. With appropriate gearing and control interfaces, the spindle can be driven by any of these options, so all listed drive types are feasible.